Pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang merupakan instrumen penting dalam mewujudkan tertib ruang dan kepastian hukum hak atas tanah, terutama di Kabupaten Kuningan yang berada di kawasan kaki Gunung Ciremai. Kondisi empiris menunjukkan masih terdapat dinamika perkembangan pembangunan dan meningkatnya kebutuhan lahan yang berpotensi menimbulkan ketidaksesuaian rencana tata ruang wilayah dengan pemanfaatan tanah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji pengaturan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang oleh pemerintah daerah terhadap hak atas tanah berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia serta pelaksanaan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang oleh pemerintah daerah guna mencapai kepastian hukum hak atas tanah di Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris melalui studi lapangan dengan pengamatan, observasi, dan wawancara, serta studi kepustakaan dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan dan literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan mengacu pada Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan Nomor 26 Tahun 2011 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan Tahun 2011–2031 melalui zonasi, perizinan, insentif, dan sanksi, sementara kebijakan disinsentif belum diterapkan, serta didukung Forum Penataan Ruang Daerah. Simpulan penelitian menyatakan bahwa pengaturan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang telah diatur secara komprehensif dan berjenjang melalui Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang beserta peraturan turunannya. Pelaksanaan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang di Kabupaten Kuningan telah berjalan, namun belum sepenuhnya optimal karena terdapat kelemahan pada aspek budaya hukum. Saran yang diberikan yaitu pemerintah perlu menyusun dan melakukan harmonisasi pengaturan turunan yang lebih teknis antara penataan ruang dan pertanahan, serta penguatan budaya hukum melalui sosialisasi yang intensif kepada masyarakat dan peningkatan kapasitas aparatur desa.

Land use control is a crucial instrument in achieving spatial order and legal certainty regarding land rights, particularly in Kuningan Regency, located in the foothills of Mount Ciremai. Empirical conditions indicate that there are still dynamics in development and an increasing demand for land, which has the potential to cause inconsistencies between regional spatial planning and land use. The purposes of this study are to identify and examine the regulations governing spatial use control by local governments regarding land rights based on Indonesian laws and regulations, as well as the implementation of spatial use control by local governments to achieve legal certainty regarding land rights in Kuningan Regency. The research method employs a legal-empirical approach through field studies involving observation, fieldwork, and interviews, as well as a literature review analyzing relevant laws and regulations and related literature. The research findings indicate that land use control by the Kuningan Regency Government is based on Kuningan Regency Regulation No. 26 of 2011 concerning the Kuningan Regency Spatial Plan for 2011–2031 through zoning, permitting, incentives, and sanctions, while disincentive policies have not yet been implemented, and is supported by the Regional Spatial Planning Forum. The study’s conclusion states that regulations governing land use control have been comprehensively and hierarchically established through Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning and its implementing regulations. The implementation of land use control in Kuningan Regency is underway, but has not yet been fully optimized due to weaknesses in the legal culture. The recommendations are that the government needs to draft and harmonize more technical implementing regulations regarding spatial planning and land management, as well as strengthen the legal culture through intensive public outreach and capacity building for village officials.