Waduk Jatigede merupakan infrastruktur sumber daya air strategis di Jawa Barat yang mendukung irigasi, penyediaan air baku, pengendalian banjir, perikanan, dan pembangkit listrik tenaga air. Keberlanjutannya terancam oleh erosi tanah dan sedimentasi akibat perubahan tutupan lahan, topografi curam, dan tingginya curah hujan di wilayah hulu. Erosi yang tinggi mempercepat masuknya sedimen ke waduk sehingga menurunkan kapasitas tampung dan efisiensi operasional. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan analisis erosi dan sedimentasi berbasis spasial untuk mendukung pengelolaan DAS dan konservasi tanah yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi laju dan distribusi spasial erosi serta sedimentasi menggunakan metode Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) yang diintegrasikan dengan data geospasial dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan data curah hujan (R), peta jenis tanah (K), DEMNAS resolusi 8 m untuk faktor panjang dan kemiringan lereng (LS), citra Sentinel-2 yang diolah melalui Google Earth Engine untuk memperoleh NDVI sebagai faktor tutupan lahan (C), serta data pengelolaan lahan untuk faktor konservasi (P). Delineasi DAS dan analisis hidrologi dilakukan menggunakan ArcGIS Spatial Analyst, sedangkan estimasi sedimentasi menggunakan pendekatan Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju erosi berkisar antara 0–7.040,793 ton/ha/tahun dengan rata-rata 16,703 ton/ha/tahun. Sebagian besar wilayah tangkapan air (88,81%) termasuk kategori erosi sangat ringan hingga ringan, sedangkan erosi sedang hingga sangat berat terutama ditemukan pada lereng curam dengan tutupan vegetasi rendah dan praktik konservasi yang kurang baik. Area dengan nilai NDVI rendah, seperti lahan pertanian dan kawasan terbangun, memiliki kerentanan erosi lebih tinggi dibandingkan kawasan berhutan. Laju sedimentasi rata-rata mencapai 3,983 ton/ha/tahun dengan nilai maksimum 1.679,039 ton/ha/tahun dan nilai SDR sebesar 0,23. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, volume sedimen yang masuk ke waduk diperkirakan sekitar 786.000 m³ per tahun. Meskipun tingkat erosi secara umum relatif rendah, area dengan erosi berat tetap menjadi sumber utama sedimen yang berkontribusi terhadap degradasi waduk. Integrasi metode RUSLE, SIG, dan penginderaan jauh terbukti efektif untuk menilai bahaya erosi dan sedimentasi secara spasial serta mendukung perencanaan konservasi lahan dan pengelolaan DAS yang berkelanjutan di daerah tangkapan air Waduk Jatigede.

Jatigede Reservoir is a strategic water resource infrastructure in West Java that supports irrigation, raw water supply, flood control, fisheries, and hydroelectric power generation. However, its sustainability is increasingly threatened by soil erosion and reservoir sedimentation caused by land cover change, steep topography, and high rainfall intensity in the upstream catchment. Excessive erosion accelerates sediment transport into the reservoir, reducing storage capacity and operational efficiency. Therefore, spatial-based erosion and sedimentation analysis is essential for sustainable watershed management and soil conservation planning in the catchment area of Jatigede Reservoir. This study aimed to estimate the rate and spatial distribution of soil erosion and sedimentation using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) integrated with geospatial data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A quantitative descriptive approach with geospatial analysis techniques was employed using rainfall data (R), soil type maps (K), DEMNAS Digital Elevation Model with 8 m resolution for slope length and steepness (LS), Sentinel-2 imagery processed through Google Earth Engine to derive NDVI for land cover factor (C), and land management data for conservation practice factor (P). Watershed delineation and hydrological analyses were conducted using ArcGIS Spatial Analyst tools, while sedimentation estimation applied the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) approach. The results showed that soil erosion rates ranged from 0 to 7.040,793 tons/ha/year, with an average of 16.703 tons/ha/year. Most of the catchment area (88.81%) was classified as very slight to slight erosion, while moderate to very severe erosion occurred mainly on steep slopes with limited vegetation cover and poor conservation practices. Areas with low NDVI values, such as agricultural and built-up lands, exhibited higher erosion susceptibility than forested areas. Sediment yield analysis indicated an average sedimentation rate of 3.983 tons/ha/year, with a maximum of 1.679,039 tons/ha/year and an SDR value of 0.23, resulting in an estimated annual sediment inflow of approximately 786.000 m³ into the reservoir. Overall, although erosion levels in the catchment were relatively low, severely eroded areas remain important sediment sources contributing to reservoir degradation. The integration of RUSLE, GIS, and remote sensing proved effective for spatial assessment of erosion and sedimentation hazards and can support land conservation planning and sustainable watershed management in the Jatigede Reservoir catchment area.