Bahasa kiasan banyak digunakan untuk mengekspresikan gagasan secara kreatif, namun masih banyak orang yang kesulitan untuk memahaminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna setiap jenis bahasa kiasan yang digunakan dalam lagu-lagu tambahan pada album The Tortured Poets Department: The Anthology karya Taylor Swift. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, sedangkan data dikumpulkan melalui analisis dokumen terhadap lirik lagu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Johnson berdasarkan teori Perrine untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis jenis-jenis bahasa kiasan dalam album tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua belas jenis bahasa kiasan, yaitu simile, metaphor, personification, apostrophe, synecdoche, metonymy, symbol, allegory, paradox, overstatement, understatement, dan irony. Simile ditemukan sebanyak 23 kali (12,78%), metaphor 42 kali (23,33%), personification 15 kali (8,33%), apostrophe 5 kali (2,78%), synecdoche 1 kali (0,56%), metonymy 6 kali (3,33%), symbol 33 kali (18,33%), allegory 2 kali (1,11%), paradox 14 kali (7,78%), overstatement 23 kali (12,78%), understatement 1 kali (0,56%), dan irony 15 kali (8,33%). Metaphor merupakan jenis bahasa kiasan yang paling dominan digunakan, sedangkan synecdoche dan understatement merupakan jenis yang paling sedikit digunakan. Makna bahasa kiasan dianalisis menggunakan kerangka Johnson dengan dukungan sumber dari Genius dan Vogue Australia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Taylor Swift menggunakan bahasa kiasan untuk mengekspresikan emosi, memberikan kritik sosial, serta mengeksplorasi tema-tema seperti cinta, patah hati, dan identitas. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap kajian sastra dengan menunjukkan bagaimana bahasa kiasan membentuk alur penceritaan dan makna emosional dalam lirik lagu.
Kata kunci: Bahasa kiasan, Semantik, Lirik lagu, Taylor Swift, The Tortured Poets Department: The Anthology

Figurative language is widely used to express ideas creatively, but many people still find it hard to understand. This study aims to analyze the meaning of each figurative language used in the additional tracks of The Tortured Poets
Department: The Anthology album by Taylor Swift. A qualitative method with a case study design was employed, and data were collected through document analysis of the song lyrics. This study uses Johnson’s approach based on Perrine’s theory to identify and analyze the types of figurative language used in the album. As a result, the researcher found twelve types of figurative language: simile, metaphor, personification, apostrophe, synecdoche, metonymy, symbol, allegory, paradox, overstatement, understatement, and irony. Simile appeared 23 times (12.78%), metaphor 42 times (23.33%), personification 15 times (8.33%), apostrophe 5 times (2.78%), synecdoche 1 time (0.56%), metonymy 6 times (3.33%), symbol 33 times (18.33%), allegory 2 times (1.11%), paradox 14 times (7.78%), overstatement 23 times (12.78%), understatement 1 time (0.56%), and irony 15 times (8.33%). Metaphor was the most frequently used type of figurative language in the album, while synecdoche and understatement were the least. The meanings were explored using Johnson’s framework, supported by Genius and Vogue Australia. The results show that Taylor Swift uses figurative language to express emotions, comment on society, and explore themes like love, heartbreak, and identity. This study contributes to literary studies by showing how figurative language shapes storytelling and emotional meaning in song lyrics.
Keywords: Figurative language, Semantics, Song lyrics, Taylor Swift, The Tortured Poets Department: The Anthology