Reforma agraria di Indonesia bertujuan memperkuat kepemilikan tanah,
mendukung pertanian lokal, dan melestarikan keberagaman budaya. Di Desa
Cengal dan Nunuk Baru, Majalengka, masyarakat telah lama menantikan
pengakuan hak atas tanah yang mereka huni, meskipun berstatus hutan lindung.
Pelaksanaan reforma agraria ini sangat penting, sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945, Undang-Undang Pokok
Agraria 1960, TAP MPR RI No. IX/MPR/2001, dan Peraturan Presiden 86/2018,
demi mewujudkan keadilan dan kesejahteraan sosial. Rumusan masalah
bagaimana pengaturan kebijakan pemerintah dalam reforma agraria dan
efektivitasnya sebagai perwujudan negara kesejahteraan. Tujuan penelitian untuk
mengetahui pengaturan dan efektivitas program reforma agraria di Kabupaten
Majalengka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yuridis empiris dengan
pengumpulan data primer, sekunder, dan tersier melalui observasi dan wawancara,
serta analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reforma agraria di
Majalengka merupakan implementasi dari Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD 1945, didukung
oleh berbagai regulasi yang memfasilitasi redistribusi tanah dan pengakuan hak
masyarakat. Penyerahan 1.641 sertifikat tanah dan peresmian Kampung Reforma
Agraria mencerminkan upaya pemerintah dalam menciptakan keadilan sosial dan
efektivitas program ini masih menghadapi tantangan karena rendahnya partisipasi
warga dalam tahap inventarisasi sehingga membuat proses pelaksanaannya itu jauh
lebih lama. Simpulan reforma agraria bertujuan mendorong pengelolaan tanah
yang produktif dan berkelanjutan demi kesejahteraan rakyat, sesuai Pasal 33 UUD
1945 dan berbagai regulasi pendukung. Pelaksanaannya di lapangan, seperti di
Majalengka, masih menghadapi tantangan hukum dan rendahnya partisipasi warga.
Program ini mencerminkan peran negara dalam menjamin hak atas tanah serta
mengurangi kemiskinan di pedesaan. Saran Agar program redistribusi tanah di
kawasan hutan lindung berjalan optimal, diperlukan upaya lebih dalam menjangkau
masyarakat, terutama pada tahap awal seperti inventarisasi dan penyuluhan.
Keterlibatan aktif masyarakat dapat ditingkatkan melalui pendekatan dialogis yang
memperhatikan kondisi lokal dan membangun rasa percaya. Selain itu, perlunya
sinergi antara pemerintah pusat, daerah, dan lembaga adat untuk menjamin proses
legalisasi tanah yang adil dan berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Kebijakan Pemerintah, Reforma Agraria

Agrarian reform in Indonesia aims to strengthen land ownership, support local
agriculture, and preserve cultural diversity. In the villages of Cengal and Nunuk
Baru, Majalengka, the community has long awaited recognition of their rights to
the land they inhabit, despite its status as a protected forest. The implementation of
agrarian reform is of great importance, as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of
the Republic of Indonesia, the 1960 Basic Agrarian Law, MPR RI Resolution No.
IX/MPR/2001, and Presidential Regulation No. 86/2018, to achieve social justice
and welfare. The research question is how the government regulates agrarian
reform policies and their effectiveness as a manifestation of the welfare state. The
objective of the study is to examine the regulation and effectiveness of the agrarian
reform program in Majalengka District. The research method used is legalempirical, involving the collection of primary, secondary, and tertiary data through
observation and interviews, as well as qualitative analysis. The research findings
indicate that agrarian reform in Majalengka is an implementation of Article 33(3)
of the 1945 Constitution, supported by various regulations that facilitate land
redistribution and recognition of community rights. The issuance of 1,641 land
certificates and the inauguration of the Agrarian Reform Village reflect the
government's efforts to create social justice. However, the effectiveness of this
program still faces challenges due to low community participation in the inventory
stage, which has significantly prolonged the implementation process. Conclusion
Agrarian reform aims to promote productive and sustainable land management for
the welfare of the people, in accordance with Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution
and various supporting regulations. Its implementation in the field, such as in
Majalengka, still faces legal challenges and low community participation. This
program reflects the state's role in ensuring land rights and reducing poverty in
rural areas. Recommendations To ensure the optimal implementation of the land
redistribution program in protected forest areas, greater efforts are needed to
engage the community, particularly in the initial stages such as inventory and
outreach. Active community involvement can be enhanced through a dialogic
approach that considers local conditions and builds trust. Additionally,
collaboration between the central government, local authorities, and traditional
institutions is necessary to ensure a fair and sustainable land legalization process.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Government Policy, Agrarian Reform